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PRaetorium AGrippinae Roman Information Site Phases |
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Six different phases are being distinguished in the history of the castellum.
Click the time line to see the reconstructed floor plans. The original castellum was built from wood and earth. Phase 1 is relatively short (from 40 to 47 AD). The corresponding stratigraphy of this phase ends with a dark layer with traces of burnt wood. These traces are interpreted as remains of the revolt of the Chauks, led by the canninefate Gannascus. Phase 2/3 starts in 47 AD. There was quite a difference in lay-out between phase 1 and phase 2/3. Probably (part of) the infantery had been replaced with cavalry. Later investigations led to the conclusion that phases 2 and 3 cannot be distinguished, so from 1967 onwards phases 2 and 3 have been combined and rebaptised as phase 2/3. Phase 2/3 is also covered with a layer, rather thick, containing burnt wood, interpreted as the remains of the revolt of the Bataves, led by Julius Civilis, in 69. The other phases are not directly linked to historic facts. Phase 4 ends approximately 120. Because of the lack of burning traces it is assumed that there was no violence involved. The transition of phase 5 to phase 6 is assumed to be around 178. Also the end of phase 6 is based on the general assumption that the Romans left the murky swamps of Germania Inferior around 260. |